Combing-machine



(No Model.)

Patented Oct. ll, I898.

A. GUNERMAN &. G. SCHACHT COMBINE MACHINE. (Application filed June 29,1897.)

2 Sheets-Sheet l.

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N0. 6l2,334. Patented Oct. ll, I898. A. GUNERMAN & G. SCHACHT. COMBINEMACHINE.

(Application filed June 29, 1897.) (No Model.)

2 Sheets-$heet 2.

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m: Noam FEYERS co. mom-grab WASHINGTON. o. c.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ANTHONY GUNERMAN, OF HOBOKEN, AND GEORGE SCHAOHT, OF JERSEY CITY, NEWJERSEY.

MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 612,334, dated October11, 1898.

Application filed I 11118 29, 189'].

T at whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, ANTHONY GUNERMAN, of I-Ioboken, and GEORGE SCHAOHT,of Jersey City, in the county of Hudson, State of New Jersey, haveinvented a new and Improved Combing-lliachine, of which the following isa full, clear, and exact description.

The object of the invention is to improve upon the construction of thecombing-machine for which Letters Patent were granted to us February 11,1896, No. 554,265, said improvements being such that the top and bottomcombs may be made to operate in different directions, as the operatormay deem desirable, according to the class of material treated.

Another object of the invention is to provide for driving the machineeither by foot or by hand power and whereby wh en the 1113 chine is tobe driven by foot-power the operators seat may be so placed as to steadythe machine and hold it upon its support.

Another object of the invention is to provide a simpler, lighter,quicker-acting, and more economic construction than has heretofore beenattained, and also to provide not only for a reversal of the lower comb,but likewise a vertical adjustment, together with means for holding thelower comb stationary when desired.

The invention consists in the novel con struction and combination of theseveral parts, as will be hereinafter fully set forth, and pointed outin the claims.

Reference is to be had to the accompanyin g drawings, forming apart ofthis specification,

' in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding partsin all the figures.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the improved machine. Fig. 2 is aplanview thereof. Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section on the line 3 3of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a transverse section through a portion of themachine, taken on the line 4 4 of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a detail Viewshowing a portion of the upper side rail of the frame in horizontalsection, disclosing the bolt. Figs. 6 and 7 are transverse sectionsthrough one of the slides carrying the upper combs, showing the combs asfacing in two different directions; and Fig. 8 is a side elevation of aportion of the body of the ma- Serial No. 642,876. (No model.)

chine, drawn on an enlarged scale and illustrating the manner in whichthe lower combs are held stationary when desired.

The frame usually consists of corner-posts 10, connected at each sidenear the top by a channel-iron 11, the groove whereof faces inward,forming slideways 12, and a bottom bar 13, having screws 14 or theirequivalents arranged at intervals upon theouter faces of said bars. Thecorner-posts may be connected in any suitable or approved manner, oneconnection being shown at the front near the bottom, consisting of a rod18. On the inner face of each corner-post 10 a bracket 15 is secured,having a slot in its upper end, and the corner-posts are provided withpivoted legs 16, having braces 17 pivotally attached,which bracesterminate at their upper ends in hooks which pass over studs 1S on theouter face of the lower side beams 13 of the frame, as illustrated inFig. 1.

In each corner-post 10, at the rear, a longitudinal slot 19 is made, inwhich the shaft 20 of a brush 20 is entered, the shaft of the brushbeing located in suitable boxes sliding in the said slot and held inposition by set-screws in the customary manner. In each of the slideways12'1nade in the channel-irons 11 of the frame a slide 21 is mounted, andeach slide is provided, preferably between its center and its rear, withan upright 22. The slides are adapted to carry cross-bars 23 in desiredquantities. The cross-bars are usually rectangular in shape and areprovided at the top with a strip 24, extending from a point near one endto a point near the opposite end, the strip 24 being adapted to holdteeth 25 in place in the said cross-bars 23, and these teeth have heads26 formed at their upper ends, which enter countersinks in thecross-bars, the strips 24 passing over the heads of the teeth of thesaid bars, with the exception of the end teeth, which are designated as27, and these teeth while also provided with heads are threaded neartheir heads, and serve to hold the binding-strips 24 in position on thebody-sections of said cross-bars. The cross-bars and their teeth 25constitute the upper comb of the machine. The teeth 25 are adapted tostand at a right angle to the plane of the frame or at an inclination.To

that end opposing longitudinal edges of the cross-bars will be presentedone to the top and the other to the bottom portion of the frame, and ateach end of each cross-bar, at top and bottom, the said edge surfacesare flattened, the lower flattened surfaces 23 resting on the slides 21,and the teeth 25 are passed through the cross-bars parallel with thefront and rear faces thereof, as indicated in Figs. 3, 6, and 7. Thus itwill be observed that when the cross-bars of the upper comb are in oneposition the teeth of the comb will incline rearwardly, as shown inFigs. 3 and 6; but when the position of the cross-bars is reversed orthe said bars turned end for end the inclination of the teeth of theupper comb will be in direction of the front of the machine, as shown inFig. 7. The cross-bars carrying the teeth of the upper comb are securedon the slides 21 by means of bolts 29, preferably provided withthumb-nuts. The upper comb is given a lateral movement forwardly andrearwardly by connecting-rods 30, pivotally attached to the uprightbrackets or arms 22, attached to the slides, the connection being madethrough the medium of outwardly-extending arms as shown in Fig. 2. Theconnecting-rods 30 are pivotally connected to crank-arms 31, which aresecured to a driveshaft 32, journaled in the extensions of the posts 10of the frame at the front, and this shaft may be revolved by hand bymeans of an attached crank-handle 33, if desired, the handle being shownin dotted lines in Fig. 2. At one end of the drive-shaft a pulley 34 issecured, and this pulley is connected by a belt 35 with the shaft 20,carrying the brush 20.

The lower comb consists of side bars 37,

which are mounted to slide in the slots in the brackets 15, as shown inFigs. 3 and 4, and cross-bars 49, located correspondingly to thecross-bars of the upper comb, the cross-bars 49 being provided withspindles 49 at their ends, j ournaled in the side bars 37 and extendingoutward beyond the sides of the frame, as shown in Fig. 4. The teeth 50are secured in the cross-bars of the lower comb in like manner as theteeth 25 of the upper comb, being held in place by a cover-strip 51; butthe teeth of the lower comb. face upwardly instead of downwardly, andusually incline'in direction of the front of the machine, while theteeth of the upper comb incline in direction of the rear of the machine.1

The lower comb is adapted to be raised and lowered to or from-the uppercomb, and this is accomplished by attaching downwardlyextending bars 38by bolts or otherwise to the central portion of the side bars of thecomb and pivoting to the lower ends of the downwardly-extending bars 38links 39, which in their turn are pivotally connected with crankarms 40,secured to a rock-shaft 41, journaled in the lower portion of the frame,and the said rock-shaft at its center is provided with a seconddownwardly-extending main crankarm 42, which is attached to ashifting-rod 43, being provided at its forward end with a series ofopenings 43, any one of which is adapted to be passed over a pin 44,located on a horizontal rod 45, which extends forward from the forwardlower end bar 18 of the frame at or near the center of its forward end.By moving the shifting-rod 43 forward or rearward the lower comb may beraised or lowered, and through the medium of the locking device justdescribed, or any equivalent thereof that may be employed, the lowercomb may be held in its adjusted position.

A saddle 46 isadjustably secured on the bar or rod 45, and adjacent tothe saddle the rod or saddle-support 45 is provided with legs 47,pivoted thereto and arranged for engagement with the ground or othersupport upon which the machine is to rest.

It is desirable in the operation of the machine that the teeth of thelower comb should have a vibratory and combing movement during certainstages of the movement of the upper comb in order to bring about aneffective separation of the hair or other article under treatment. Suchmovement is brought about by adjustably placing pins 52 in the trunnions49 of the cross-bars of the comb, each pin having an eye 53 at one end.The pins are loosely passed through the trunnions and may-be shifted atany time to bring theireyes 53 either above or below the lower comb.Such movement is brought about by adjustably securing pins 52, having aneye 53 at one end, in the trunnions 49 of the cross-bars of the lowercomb. Ordinarily the eyes 53 of the pins 52 receive buttons 54, locatedon sliding bars 54,which are placed on each outer side of the frame,having movement in suitable brackets or hangers 55. The sliding bars 54are provided at or near each end with an upwardly-extending pin 56,adapted to be engaged by horizontal fingers 57, which are outwardlyprojected from standards 58, secured to the slides 21 of the upper comb.The uprights or standards 58 are located at or near the central portionof said slides, and consequently move the lower comb forward or rearwardwhen the upper comb is near the limit of its forward or its rearwardstroke. In order that the lower comb shall be held stationary at othertimes during the movement of the upper comb, pins 59 are projectedupward from the sliding bars 54, one at each side of the center of eachbar, and these pins are arranged 'to engage with bolts 60, (shown inFig. 5,) which bolts are spring-controlled and are fitted in suitablerecesses made in the upper or channel bars 11 of the main frame. Anynecessary number of the bolts 60 may be used. 7

If it is desired to hold the teeth of the lower comb stationary, saidresult may be accomplished by placing the pins 52 in a position thereverse of that shown in Fig. 4 and illustrated in Fig. 8, in which theeyes of the pin 52 receive the buttons or screws 14 on the outer facesof the rigid side bars 13 of the frame. The pins 52 may likewise beemployed for holding the teeth of the lower comb either at a forward orat a rearward inclination, as shown in Figs. 3 and 8.

The material to be combed is introduced between the teeth of the upperand lower combs at the front of the machine, between theupwardly-inclined perforated shield 61 and a parallel lower shield 62,the upper shield being perforated to permit of the dust readily passingout from the material as fed tothe machine. The material is thoroughlydisintegrated or separated while passing between the upper and lowercombs, the dust dropping down through the spaces between the cross-barsof the lower comb, and the material is thoroughly brushed and cleaned asit passes out at the rear of the machine. A side bar 63 is pivoted to aconnecting-rod 64 for the forward legs 16 and to a connectingrodextending, for example, between the supporting-legs 47 of thesaddle-supporting bar. When the machine is to be driven by footpower, ashaft 64 is journaled in the bar 63, together with a second shaft 65.The shaft 65 is in advance of the shaft 6i and is provided withpedal-cranks 66, easily reached by the foot of the operator when saidoperator is seated on the saddle, and the shaft 65'is further providedwith a sprocket 67, connected by a link belt 68 with a larger sprocket69, located on the shaft 64:. The shaft 64 is provided with a second andsmaller sprocket 7 0, connected by a chain belt 71 with a sprocketwheel'72, located on the drive-shaft 32.

The supports for the main frame and all projecting portions therefrom,together with the parts of the auxiliary or front frame, are pivotallyconnected and in such manner that the entire machine when not in use maybe so folded as to occupy but little room.

Having thus described our invention, we claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent 1. In a combing-machine, the combination with areciprocating upper comb, of a lower comb, and means for imparting avibratory movement to the lower comb from the upper one, substantiallyas described.

2. In a combing-machine, the combination with an upper comb, and meansfor reciprocating it, of a lower comb, and means for imparting avibratory movement to the lower comb from the upper comb when said uppercomb is near the limit of its forward and rear strokes, substantially asdescribed.

3. In a combing-machine, the combination with an upper comb, andmeansfor reciprocating it, of a lower comb provided with pivoted toothcarrying bars, and means for rocking the tooth-carrying bars of thelower comb from the upper comb, substantially as described.

4. In a combing-machine, the combination with an upper comb, and meansfor reciprocating the same, of a lower comb, comprisingvertically-adjustable side and pivoted toothbars mounted in the sidebars, and means for rocking the said tooth-bars from the upper comb,substantially as described.

5. In a combing-machine, the combination, with an upper comb providedwith reversible toothcarrying bars, the teeth of the said bars beinginclined, and means for reciprocating the said upper comb, of a lowercomb provided with tooth-carrying bars mounted to rock, means,substantially as described,for rocking the toothed carrying-bars of thelower comb by the action of the upper comb, and locking devices for thetoothed bars of the lower comb, whereby said toothed bars of the lowercomb may be held stationary when desired.

6. In a combing-machine, a comb consisting of side bars and cross-barsrectangular in cross-section having opposing longitudinal edgesflattened at the end portions of said cross-bars, enabling the saidcross-bars to fit snugly to the side bars, teeth loosely fitted in thecross-bars, and binding-strips attached to the cross-bars and extendingover the head portions of said teeth.

7. In a combing-machine, an upper comb and means for reciprocating thesame, a lower comb, the comb-bars whereof are pivoted, a trip connectionbetween the comb-bars of the lower comb and the upper comb, and meansfor adjusting the lower comb to and from the upper comb, forv thepurpose set forth.

8. In a combing-machine, the combination with an upper comb and meansfor reciprocating the same, a second comb having pivoted tooth-carryingbars, a shifting-bar connected with the pivoted tooth-carrying bars, andmeans for operating the shifting-bar from the reciprocating comb, as andfor the purpose specified.

9. In a combing-machine, the combination, of an upper comb and means forreciprocating the same, a second comb having pivoted tooth-carryingbars, a shifting-bar, means for operating the shifting-bar from Ithereciprocating comb, and means, substantially as described, for carryingthe pivoted tooth-carrying bars to and from the teeth of thereciprocating comb.

10. In a combing-machine, a comb consisting of side pieces, toothed barspivoted in the said side pieces, a frame supporting the said sidepieces, and pins connected with the pivoted toothed bars, and arrangedfor locking engagement with the said frame.

11. In a combing-machine,the combination, with an upper comb and meansfor reciprocating the same, the toothed bars whereof are reversible, ofa lower comb having pivoted teeth carrying bars, and adjusting devicewhereby the lower comb may be carried to or from the upper comb, andtrips connected with the pivoted toothed bars, said trips being adaptedfor attachment to the frame of the machine, or to be operated upon bythe movement of the reciprocating comb, for the purpose set forth.

IIO

12. In a combing-machine,the combination, of an upper comb, means forreciprocating the same, a lower comb provided with pivoted teeth, meansfor rocking said teeth at intervals by the action'of the upper comb, a

ANTHONY GUNERMAN. GEORGE SCHACHT.

shifting-lever connected with the lower comb and adapted to raise andlower the same, a locking device for the said shifting-lever, adrive-shaft,peda1s carried by the drive-shaft,

Witnesses:

HARRY J. CAFFERATA, JOSEPH GUNERMAN. v

